Maven依赖

        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.netty</groupId>
            <artifactId>netty-all</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.25.Final</version>
        </dependency>

HelloServer

package com.mqtt.netty;

import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;

public class HelloServer {
	
	public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
		// 定义一对线程组
		// 主线程组，用于客户端的连接，不做任何处理
		EventLoopGroup bossGroup  = new NioEventLoopGroup();
		// 从线程组，工作线程组
		EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
		
		try {
			// Netty服务器的创建，ServerBootstrap是一个启动类
			ServerBootstrap serverBootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
			serverBootstrap.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)  // 设置主从线程组
						.channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)  // 设置NIO的双向通道
						.childHandler(new HelloServerInitilializer());                   // 子处理器，针对从线程组所做的操作
			
			// http://127.0.0.1:8888
			ChannelFuture channelFuture = serverBootstrap.bind(8888).sync() ;
			// 监听关闭的channel
			channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();
		}finally {
			bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
			workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
		}
		
	}

}

初始化器

package com.mqtt.netty;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpServerCodec;

/**
 *  初始化器，channel注册后，会执行里面的相应的初始化方法
 * */
public class HelloServerInitilializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>{

	@Override
	protected void initChannel(SocketChannel channel) throws Exception {
		// 通过SocketChannel去获得对应的管道
		ChannelPipeline pipeline = channel.pipeline();
		//pipeline.addLast("logging",new LoggingHandler("DEBUG"));
		 
		// 当请求到服务器端，需要做解码，响应到客户端做编码
		pipeline.addLast("HttpServerCodec", new HttpServerCodec());
		// 添加自定义的助手类，返回字符串
		pipeline.addLast("customHandler", new CustomHandler());
		
		
	}

	
}

自定义助手类

package com.mqtt.netty;

import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.Channel;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.DefaultFullHttpResponse;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.FullHttpResponse;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaderNames;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpObject;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpRequest;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponseStatus;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpVersion;
import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;

/**
 * 创建自定义助手类
 * 
 * */
public class CustomHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<HttpObject>{

	@Override
	protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, HttpObject msg) throws Exception {
		// 获取channel
		Channel channel =  ctx.channel();

		if(msg instanceof HttpRequest) {
			System.out.println(channel.remoteAddress());
			
			// 缓冲区
			ByteBuf content = Unpooled.copiedBuffer("hello netty ", CharsetUtil.UTF_8);
			
			// 构建一个 http resposne
			FullHttpResponse response = new DefaultFullHttpResponse(HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1, 
									HttpResponseStatus.OK, 
									content);
			// 为响应增加数据类型和长度
			response.headers().set(HttpHeaderNames.CONTENT_TYPE, "text/plain");
			response.headers().set(HttpHeaderNames.CONTENT_LENGTH, content.readableBytes());
			
			//把响应刷到客户端
			ctx.writeAndFlush(response);
		}
		
	}
	
}

在浏览器访问 http://127.0.0.1:8888/ 查看效果。

关于作者

王硕，网名信平，十多年软件开发经验，业余架构师，精通Java/Python/Go等，喜欢研究技术，著有《PyQt 5 快速开发与实战》《Python 3.* 全栈开发》，多个业余开源项目托管在GitHub上，欢迎微博交流。