1.线程的启动
1.在java编程语言中,创建好线程对象后,通过调用start方法,启动线程
Thread t1 = new Thread();
t1.start();
考考你:
1.问题一:可以调用两次start方法吗?
2.问题二:可以调用run方法,启动线程吗?
2.两次调用start方法
package com.anan.thread.startthread;
/**
* 两次调用start方法,启动线程
*/
public class TwoStartMethodDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 创建Runnable和Thread对象
Runnable r1 = new MyRunnable();
Thread t1 = new Thread(r1);
// 调用两次start方法
t1.start();
t1.start();
}
}
/**
* 实现Runnable方式,创建线程
*/
class MyRunnable implements Runnable{
public void run() {
System.out.println("两次调用start方法启动线程");
}
}
3. 直接调用run方法
package com.anan.thread.startthread;
/**
* 直接调用run方法启动线程
*/
public class RunMethodDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 创建Runnable和Thread对象
Runnable r1 = new MyRunnable2();
Thread t1 = new Thread(r1);
// 调用run方法
t1.run();
}
}
/**
* 实现Runnable方式,创建线程
*/
class MyRunnable2 implements Runnable{
public void run() {
System.out.println("调用run方法启动线程,当前线程:"+Thread.currentThread().getName());
}
}
4.线程启动流程分析
4.1.方法源码分析:start
/**
* Causes this thread to begin execution; the Java Virtual Machine
* calls the <code>run</code> method of this thread.
* <p>
* The result is that two threads are running concurrently: the
* current thread (which returns from the call to the
* <code>start</code> method) and the other thread (which executes its
* <code>run</code> method).
* <p>
* It is never legal to start a thread more than once.
* In particular, a thread may not be restarted once it has completed
* execution.
*
* @exception IllegalThreadStateException if the thread was already
* started.
* @see #run()
* @see #stop()
*
*注释:启动线程start方法源码,启动线程的流程是:
* 第一:判断当前线程状态
* 第二:将当前线程加入线程组
* 第三:调用本地方法start0(),启动新线程
*/
public synchronized void start() {
/**
* This method is not invoked for the main method thread or "system"
* group threads created/set up by the VM. Any new functionality added
* to this method in the future may have to also be added to the VM.
*
* A zero status value corresponds to state "NEW".
*/
// 第一:判断当前线程状态,如果不是NEW,则抛出非法线程状态异常
if (threadStatus != 0)
throw new IllegalThreadStateException();
/* Notify the group that this thread is about to be started
* so that it can be added to the group's list of threads
* and the group's unstarted count can be decremented. */
// 第二:将当前线程加入线程组
group.add(this);
boolean started = false;
try {
// 第三:调用本地方法start0(),启动新线程
// 彩蛋:java编程语言的线程实现,是基于操作系统【内核】线程的方式实现
start0();
started = true;
} finally {
try {
if (!started) {
group.threadStartFailed(this);
}
} catch (Throwable ignore) {
/* do nothing. If start0 threw a Throwable then
it will be passed up the call stack */
}
}
}
4.2.方法源码分析:run
/**
* If this thread was constructed using a separate
* <code>Runnable</code> run object, then that
* <code>Runnable</code> object's <code>run</code> method is called;
* otherwise, this method does nothing and returns.
* <p>
* Subclasses of <code>Thread</code> should override this method.
*
* @see #start()
* @see #stop()
* @see #Thread(ThreadGroup, Runnable, String)
*
*注释:运行线程run方法源码,在方法内部:
* 第一:调用了target对象的run方法
* 第二:target对象是Runnable对象,相当于普通对象调用方法
* 第三:因此不会开启新的线程,还是在主线程main中执行
*/
@Override
public void run() {
if (target != null) {
target.run();
}
}
5.讨论分享
线程启动流程:
1.在java编程语言中,正确的启动线程方式,是调用start方法
2.在start方法内部启动流程是:
2.1.判断当前线程状态,是否是NEW状态
2.2.如果当前线程是NEW状态,将当前线程加入线程组
2.3.调用本地方法start0(),开启线程
#考考你答案:
1.可以调用两次start方法吗?
答案:不能,因为线程只有在NEW状态下,可以启动
2.可以调用run方法,启动线程吗?
答案:不能,因为直接调用run方法,相当于在主线程main下调用普通方法,并没有开启新的线程
关于作者
王硕,网名信平,十多年软件开发经验,业余架构师,精通Java/Python/Go等,喜欢研究技术,著有《PyQt 5 快速开发与实战》《Python 3.* 全栈开发》,多个业余开源项目托管在GitHub上,欢迎微博交流。